Breaking Force, WLL, and Safety Factors: Zomwe Ogula Zingwe Ayenera Kudziwa

Pogula chingwe chachitsulo cha ma cranes, hoist, zida zonyamulira kapena zogwirira ntchito, ogula nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mawu mongaMinimum Breaking Force (MBF), Minimum Breaking Load (MBL), Working Load Limit (WLL), Safe Working Load (SWL)ndiChitetezo Factor.

Mawuwa ndi ogwirizana, koma sakutanthauza chinthu chomwecho. Kumvetsetsa kusiyanako ndikofunikira posankha m'mimba mwake wa chingwe cha waya, kamangidwe ndi kalasi yamphamvu kuti munyamule.

1. Minimum Breaking Force (MBF / MBL)

Kuyesa kwachitsulo kwachitsulo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira mphamvu yakuduka kwa chingwe motsutsana ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo.

Minimum Breaking Force (MBF)ndi mphamvu yochepera yotchulidwa yomwe chingwe chawaya chimafunika kupirira chisanaduke pansi pa miyeso yoyenera ndi muyezo.

TeremuyoMinimum Breaking Load (MBL)Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pakukweza ndi kuwongolera mafotokozedwe. Kutengera mulingo ndi mafakitale, mawu amtunduwu amatha kukhala osiyana, chifukwa chake ogula amayenera kutsimikizira tanthauzo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito muukadaulo woyenera.

Kuthyola mphamvu kumatsimikiziridwa kudzera mu kuyesa kwamphamvu kapena kuwerengeredwa molingana ndi muyeso wa chingwe ndi zomangamanga. Zimayimira mphamvu yomaliza ya chingwe ndi kuyenerasizimatanthauziridwa ngati katundu wololedwa wogwira ntchito.

Mwachitsanzo, chingwe chingwe ndi osachepera kuswa mphamvu ya100 kNsizikutanthauza kuti katundu wa 100 kN ukhoza kuyimitsidwa bwino pa chingwe panthawi ya ntchito yabwino.

2. Kodi Malire Ogwira Ntchito Ndi Chiyani (WLL)?

Limit Load Limit (WLL)ndi katundu wochuluka kwambiri womwe chigawo kapena msonkhano wokweza umaloledwa kuthandizira pansi pamikhalidwe yodziwika yogwiritsira ntchito.

Pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chosavuta, ubale wofunikira ukhoza kufotokozedwa motere:

Mwachitsanzo, ngati chingwe chili ndi mphamvu yoduka yochepera 100 kN ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi 5:

Uwu ndi mgwirizano wosavuta waukadaulo. Katundu weniweni wololeka ukhoza kutsika kutengera makina onyamulira, kuyimitsa zingwe, kukonza zogwetsera pansi, mikhalidwe yopindika, zofunika opanga zida ndi malamulo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito.

3. Kodi Chitetezo ndi Chiyani?

TheChitetezo Factor (SF), yomwe imatchedwanso kapangidwe kazinthu zina, imasonyeza chiŵerengero chapakati pa kuthyoka kwa chingwe ndi katundu wovomerezeka wogwira ntchito.

Chitetezo chapamwamba chimatanthawuza kuti pali malire okulirapo pakati pa ntchito yomwe yatchulidwa ndi mphamvu yakuduka kwa chingwe.

Komabe, chitetezo chapamwamba sichimapangitsa kuti njira yonse yonyamulira ikhale yotetezeka. Ndondomeko yonse iyeneranso kuganizira:

• Kupanga zingwe ndi m'mimba mwake
• Kuthetsa chingwe bwino
• Mtolo ndi m'mimba mwake ng'oma
• Kupinda kutopa
• Kutsegula kwamphamvu
• Kutsegula kwa mantha
• Kukonzekera kwa angle ndi reeving
• Kuwonongeka ndi kuwonekera kwa chilengedwe
• Valani ndi kusweka mawaya
• Zofunikira za opanga zida

4. MBF vs WLL vs Safety Factor

5. Chifukwa Chake Simungagwiritse Ntchito MBF monga Katundu Wogwira Ntchito

Chingwe cha waya sichigwira ntchito pansi pa zochitika za labotale. Munthawi yautumiki weniweni, imakumana ndi kupindika, kutopa, kuvala, dzimbiri, kuthamanga, kugwedezeka ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mphamvu zake zogwira mtima.

Chingwe chimene poyamba chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zake zoduka chikhoza kuwonongeka panthawi ya ntchito.

Kusiyana pakati pa kuswa mphamvu ndi katundu wogwirira ntchito kumapereka malire ofunikira pazinthu monga:

• Kusintha kwazinthu
• Kupanga tolerances
• Chingwe kupinda kutopa
• Kuvala ndi abrasion
• Zimbiri
• Kutsegula kwamphamvu
• Kutsegula kwa mantha
• Zotsatira za kuchotsa chingwe
• Kuyika zinthu
• Kusintha kwa malo ogwirira ntchito

6. Chitsanzo: Momwe Chitetezo Chimasinthira WLL

Taganizirani chingwe chachitsulo chachitsulo chokhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yothyola100 kN. Mapangidwe osiyanasiyana amatulutsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zololeka zamalingaliro.

Ziwerengerozi ndi zitsanzo za masamu okha. Zomwe zimapangidwira ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito kukweza, mulingo wolamulira, kapangidwe ka zida ndi zofunikira za opanga.

7. Kodi Chingwe Chilichonse Chimagwiritsa Ntchito Chitetezo Chofanana?

Ayi. Palipalibe chinthu chimodzi chachitetezo chapadziko lonse chomwe chimagwira ntchito pazingwe zonse za waya.

Chofunikira chokonzekera chimadalira kugwiritsa ntchito ndi ndondomeko yoyenera kapena ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito. Chingwe chokwezera crane, chingwe chokwezera, chingwe cha amuna, zingwe zomangira komanso zingwe zapadera zonyamulira kunyanja zitha kukhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake ogula apewe kufunsa wopereka zinthu mophweka:"Kodi chitetezo cha chingwe chawayachi ndi chiyani?"

Kufotokozera bwinoko ndi:"Kodi ntchito yofunikira ndi yotani, katundu wogwirira ntchito, kumanga zingwe, muyezo woyenera ndi kapangidwe kofunikira?"

8. Waya Chingwe Kuthyola Mphamvu Zimatengera Kuposa Diameter

Zingwe ziwiri zamawaya zokhala ndi m'mimba mwake womwewo zimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zoduka mosiyanasiyana. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusweka kumadalira pamitundu yambiri yamapangidwe.

9. Kuthyola Mphamvu ya Common Wire Zomangamanga Zingwe

Ogula zingwe afanizire mphamvu yothyoka pogwiritsa ntchitom'mimba mwake chomwecho, kumanga zingwe, kulimba mphamvu ndi muyezo woyenera. Kungoyerekeza "6 × 19 vs 6 × 36" popanda magawowa kungapangitse zotsatira zolakwika.

Mwachitsanzo, chingwe chophatikizika monga 35(W)x7 chikhoza kukhala chodzaza ndi chitsulo chochuluka kuposa chingwe wamba cha m'mimba mwake womwewo. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti munthu azitha kuthyoka kwambiri kwinaku akusunga zingwe zofunikila pa ntchito zolemetsa-zonyamula katundu.

Mofananamo, zomanga zozungulira-zosasunthika ndi{1}zozungulira{1}zopangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana ndi kuzungulira ndipo siziyenera kusankhidwa mophwanya mphamvu.

10. Kodi Pali Kusiyana Kotani Pakati pa WLL ndi SWL?

WLLndiSWLNthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza kuthekera kovomerezeka kwa zida zonyamulira. Komabe, ma terminology ndi matanthauzidwe azamalamulo amasiyana pakati pa miyezo, mafakitale ndi maulamuliro.

Muzinthu zamakono zonyamula katundu,WLLnthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la wopanga kapena{0}}lomwe limatanthawuza malire ogwirira ntchito pamikhalidwe yodziwika.SWLndi mawu akale kapena okulirapo omwe angawonekere muzolemba zauinjiniya ndi machitidwe okweza.

Pogula mayiko, ndi bwino kufotokozera ndendende zomwe mphamvu zomwe zanenedwazo zikutanthawuza osati kudalira chidulecho.

11. Kuthetsa Chingwe cha Waya Kungakhudze Mphamvu

Chingwe palokha ndi gawo limodzi lokha la dongosolo lokweza. Kuthetsa kumapeto kulikonse kungakhudze mphamvu ya msonkhano.

Njira zodziwika zothetsa vutoli ndi izi:

• Kutha kwa socket
• Wedge socket
• Terminal yokhazikika
• Zingwe zazingwe
• Kutha kwapang'onopang'ono
• Miyendo yokwanira komanso yokwanira

Kuchita bwino kwa kuyimitsa kumadalira kapangidwe kake, njira yoyika komanso muyezo womwe uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, WLL ya kulumikizana kwa zingwe zonse siziyenera kuwerengedwa kuchokera ku MBF ya chingwe yokha.

12. Katundu Wamphamvu ndi Kuthamanga Kwambiri

Kuwerengera kwa katundu wosasunthika sikumalongosola bwino ntchito zambiri za crane ndi kukweza. Kuyambira, kuyimitsa, kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi, kugwedezeka kwa katundu ndi kugwedeza kwadzidzidzi kungawonjezere kwakanthawi mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe.

Pachifukwa ichi, zida zonyamulira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwazotengera zomwe zidapangidwa komanso liwiro lake. Kukweza kwadzidzidzi kuyenera kupewedwa, ndipo makina onyamulira athunthu ayenera kupangidwa kuti azitha kuwerengera zomwe zikuchitika.

13. Kodi Ogula Ayenera Kufunsira Chiyani Kwa Wopereka Zingwe Waya?

Pazinthu zofunikira kwambiri zokweza, ogula ayenera kupempha zolemba zaukadaulo m'malo mongodalira dzina lachinthu kapena kukula kwake.

• Kupanga zingwe
• M'mimba mwake mwadzina
• Mtundu wa Core
• Chingwe kalasi / waya kolimba mphamvu
• Mphamvu zochepa zosweka
• Zoyenera kupanga muyezo
• Lala njira
• Chithandizo chapamwamba
• Kulemera kwa unit kutalika
• Dimensional kulolerana
• Satifiketi yoyeserera ngati ikufunika
• Satifiketi ya zinthu ngati ikufunika

14. MBF vs WLL: Wogula Wothandiza Chitsanzo

Tiyerekeze kuti wopanga crane amafuna chingwe chawaya chokhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yoduka200 kN. Wogula sayenera kungofunsa wogulitsa "200 kN chingwe."

Njira yolondola yogulira ndi:

1. Dziwani kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa ntchito.
2. Dziwani mulingo woyenera wa zida zonyamulira.
3. Dziwani zomwe zimafunikira kupanga.
4. Werengetsani mphamvu yochepera yofunikira.
5. Sankhani chingwe choyenera kumanga ndi m'mimba mwake.
6. Yang'anani kugwirizana ndi ng'oma ndi mitolo.
7. Tsimikizirani kutha kwa chingwe ndikumaliza kuphatikiza.
8. Funsani zolemba zoyenera zaukadaulo.

Njirayi imatsimikizira kuti chingwecho chimasankhidwa ngati gawo lawathunthu kukweza dongosolo, m'malo mokhala ngati chinthu chapayokha.

15. Common Waya Chingwe Kugula Zolakwa

Cholakwika 1: Kutenga mphamvu yosweka ngati katundu wogwirira ntchito

Kuphwanya mphamvu ndiye mphamvu yomaliza. Siyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ngati katundu wololedwa.

Cholakwika 2: Kusankha chingwe m'mimba mwake chokha

M'mimba mwake womwewo ukhoza kupezeka mumapangidwe osiyanasiyana, magiredi osasunthika komanso masinthidwe apakati okhala ndi makina osiyanasiyana.

Cholakwika 3: Kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chimodzi chotetezera pa pulogalamu iliyonse

Crane, elevator, rigging ndi ntchito zokweza mwapadera zitha kukhala ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana.

Cholakwika 4: Kunyalanyaza kuthetsa

Kumanga kwa zingwe kumatha kukhala ndi mphamvu yosiyana ndi chingwe chopanda kanthu kutengera njira yothetsa.

Cholakwika 5: Kunyalanyaza kuwonongeka kwa ntchito

Mphamvu yoyamba yothyoka sikhala yokhazikika nthawi yonse ya moyo wa chingwe. Kuvala, dzimbiri, mawaya othyoka ndi kupindika kungathe kuchepetsa chikhalidwe cha chingwe ndi kufuna kusinthidwa.

16. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi chingwe cha waya chingaduke bwanji?

Minimum Breaking Force (MBF) ndi mphamvu yochepera yotchulidwa yomwe chingwe chawaya chimafunikira kuti chipirire pansi pa mayeso oyenerera kapena mikhalidwe yokhazikika. Zimayimira kulimba kwa chingwe m'malo mogwira ntchito bwino.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa MBF ndi WLL?

MBF imafotokoza za kusweka kwa chingwe, pomwe WLL imayimira ntchito yololedwa pamikhalidwe yodziwika. WLL nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika kwambiri kuposa MBF chifukwa chitetezo choyenera kapena kapangidwe kake kamagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kodi mumawerengera bwanji chingwe cha WLL?

Pakuwerengera kosavuta, WLL ikhoza kuwonetsedwa ngati mphamvu yocheperako yogawidwa ndi kapangidwe kake. Komabe, mphamvu yeniyeni yololeka iyeneranso kuganizira za njira yonyamulira, kuyimitsa, kukonza ma reeving, katundu wosunthika, miyezo yoyenera ndi zomwe wopanga akufuna.

Kodi MBL ndi yofanana ndi MBF?

MBL imatanthauza Minimum Breaking Load, pamene MBF imatanthauza Minimum Breaking Force. Ndi malingaliro ogwirizana kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana m'makampani, koma tanthauzo lenileni liyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi zomwe zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kutsimikizika kwazinthu.

Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chiyani pazingwe zachitsulo?

Palibe chitetezo chimodzi pa ntchito iliyonse ya waya. Zomwe zimafunikira pamapangidwe zimatengera zida, kukweza ntchito, mulingo woyenera, machitidwe ogwirira ntchito ndi zofunikira za wopanga.

Kodi chingwe chokulirapo chimakhala ndi WLL yapamwamba nthawi zonse?

Osati kwenikweni. Dera lokulirapo nthawi zambiri limapereka malo okulirapo azitsulo, koma WLL imatengeranso kumanga kwa zingwe, kulimba kwamphamvu, kuyimitsa, chitetezo ndi ntchito yeniyeni yonyamulira.

Chifukwa chiyani ogula amafunikira satifiketi yoyesa chingwe?

Satifiketi yoyeserera imatha kupereka umboni wolembedwa wamakina omwe amayezedwa komanso kutsata zomwe zafotokozedwa. Pamafunso ovuta kwambiri okweza, ogula akuyenera kufotokoza mtundu wa satifiketi yofunikira ndi mulingo woyenera musanayike.

Kodi SOLITE ikhoza kupereka data yamphamvu yothyola zingwe?

Inde. Pazinthu zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, SOLITE ikhoza kupereka ukadaulo waukadaulo kuphatikiza kupanga zingwe, m'mimba mwake, kulimba kwamphamvu komanso mphamvu yochepa yoduka. Zolemba zoyeserera zitha kukambidwa molingana ndi malonda, dongosolo ndi zofunikira.

17. Kusankhidwa kwaukadaulo: Zomwe Ogula Ayenera Kutitumizira

Kuti mupangire zingwe zoyenera zachitsulo, titumizireni izi:

18. Sankhani Chingwe cha Waya ndi Complete System, Osati Nambala Imodzi

Chingwe chawaya chotetezeka kwambiri komanso chotsika mtengo kwambiri sichiri chingwe choduka kwambiri. Kusankhidwa koyenera ndi chingwe chomwekumanga, m'mimba mwake, kuswa mphamvu, kusinthasintha, kugwira ntchito kwa kutopa, kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi kuthetsazigwirizane ndi zida zenizeni ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Kwa ogula ochokera kumayiko ena, RFQ yokwanira mwaukadaulo iyenera kuphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa ntchito, kumanga zingwe, m'mimba mwake, pakati, phata, machiritso a pamwamba, mphamvu yoduka, kutalika kwa zingwe ndi muyezo woyenera.